N\u00f4ng d\u00e2n thu ho\u1ea1ch l\u00e1 c\u00e2y coca (nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u b\u00e0o ch\u1ebf cocaine) t\u1ea1i Puerto Bello, thu\u1ed9c bang Putamayo \u1edf mi\u1ec1n nam Colombia h\u1ed3i n\u0103m 2017. B\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p c\u00e1c n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 Colombia, di\u1ec7n t\u00edch tr\u1ed3ng coca \u1edf qu\u1ed1c gia n\u00e0y v\u1eabn t\u0103ng m\u1ea1nh trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m qua. \u1ea2nh: AP.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\nB\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n b\u1ed9t coca th\u00e0nh cocaine c\u01a1 s\u1edf, v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng s\u1ed1 cocaine c\u01a1 s\u1edf n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a th\u00e0nh cocaine HCl. Trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eaft c\u00f2n 2 b\u01b0\u1edbc: L\u00e1 coca s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh cocaine c\u01a1 s\u1edf, v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 cocaine HCl.<\/p>\n
B\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 ra s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng \u201ctr\u1ea1m trung chuy\u1ec3n\u201d m\u1edbi \u1edf T\u00e2y v\u00e0 Trung Phi \u2013 nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 m\u00e0 t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m bu\u00f4n l\u1eadu cocaine s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n
B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, \u1edf ph\u00eda c\u1ea7u, UNODC c\u0169ng cho r\u1eb1ng cocaine \u0111ang ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn h\u01a1n tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. N\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y lo\u1ea1i ma t\u00fay n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 t\u1eadp trung \u1edf M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n \u1edf ch\u00e2u Phi v\u00e0 ch\u00e2u \u00c1. Ch\u00ednh nhu c\u1ea7u t\u0103ng \u0111\u00e3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n cocaine tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n
Cho \u0111\u1ebfn kho\u1ea3ng 10 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t cocaine g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 ch\u1ec9 t\u1eadp trung \u1edf Colombia v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m.<\/p>\n
Tuy nhi\u00ean, sau khi L\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng V\u0169 trang C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Colombia (FARC) gi\u1ea3i th\u1ec3 v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2016 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t m\u1ed9t khu v\u1ef1c tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y coca r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn, c\u00e1c b\u0103ng \u0111\u1ea3ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u chia nh\u1ecf ra v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng canh t\u00e1c c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t cocaine c\u0169ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 quy m\u00f4 l\u1eabn c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac.<\/p>\n
Xu h\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i \u1edf Colombia, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u0103ng \u0111\u1ea3ng t\u1eeb Mexico hay c\u1ea3 v\u00f9ng Balkans.<\/p>\n
Nh\u1eefng nh\u00f3m ngo\u1ea1i qu\u1ed1c n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 canh t\u00e1c c\u00e2y coca, m\u00e0 thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n \u0111a d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 l\u00e0m chu\u1ed7i cung \u1ee9ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. So v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c canh t\u00e1c v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t cocaine, vi\u1ec7c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n lo\u1ea1i ma t\u00fay n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111em l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn cao g\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n cho c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m.<\/p>\n