L\u00e3i su\u1ea5t huy \u0111\u1ed9ng ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c t\u0103ng, hi\u1ec7n nay c\u00f3 n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e3 l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 11%\/n\u0103m.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\nGi\u1ea3i th\u00edch cho s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n li\u00ean h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ebfn nhu c\u1ea7u mua s\u1eafm d\u1ecbp cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m. V\u00ec m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn v\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i (NHTM) hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecdng \u1edf l\u1ea1i b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n, trong khi m\u00f9a mua s\u1eafm cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m \u0111ang t\u1edbi g\u1ea7n. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u00f3i quen d\u00f9ng ti\u1ec1n m\u1eb7t, n\u00ean do \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng r\u00fat ti\u1ec1n m\u1eb7t ra \u0111\u1ec3 chi ti\u00eau. Do \u0111\u00f3, khi thanh kho\u1ea3n c\u00f3 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng, NHNN s\u1ebd b\u01a1m ti\u1ec1n qua th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1edf, c\u00f2n NHTM th\u00ec ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c n\u00e2ng l\u00e3i su\u1ea5t ti\u1ec1n g\u1eedi, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o thanh kho\u1ea3n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n khi \u0111i r\u00fat ti\u1ec1n ti\u00eau x\u00e0i. Vi\u1ec7c r\u00fat\/b\u01a1m ti\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a NHNN c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 n\u00e2ng m\u1ea1nh l\u00e3i su\u1ea5t ti\u1ec1n g\u1eedi c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c NHTM l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00e1i b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o thanh kho\u1ea3n cho nhu c\u1ea7u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ti\u1ec1n m\u1eb7t trong d\u00e2n c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n
Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u0169ng v\u1eeba c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 ti\u1ec1n g\u1eedi c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng t\u1ea1i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng. Cho th\u1ea5y, sau khi gi\u1ea3m 2 th\u00e1ng li\u00ean ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 7 v\u00e0 th\u00e1ng 8, th\u00ec l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ti\u1ec1n g\u1eedi \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i, th\u00eam h\u01a1n 106.000 t\u1ef7 \u0111\u1ed3ng trong th\u00e1ng 9. C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, ti\u1ec1n g\u1eedi c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c kinh t\u1ebf t\u0103ng t\u0103ng m\u1ea1nh th\u00eam g\u1ea7n 105.000 t\u1ef7 \u0111\u1ed3ng ch\u1ec9 trong 1 th\u00e1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t 5,78 tri\u1ec7u t\u1ef7 \u0111\u1ed3ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u1ee9c t\u0103ng n\u00e0y v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a b\u00f9 l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee9c s\u1ee5t gi\u1ea3m h\u01a1n 170.000 t\u1ef7 c\u1ee7a 2 th\u00e1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3. Trong khi n\u0103m 2023 \u0111ang t\u1edbi g\u1ea7n, \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a c\u00e1c ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p room t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a n\u0103m m\u1edbi. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n v\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u0169ng \u0111ang c\u00f3 nhu c\u1ea7u t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng r\u1ea5t cao, m\u00e0 theo ghi nh\u1eadn th\u00ec t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng ti\u1ec1n g\u1eedi hi\u1ec7n v\u1eabn c\u00f2n th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng. Do \u0111\u00f3, vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng m\u1ea1nh l\u00e3i su\u1ea5t ti\u1ec1n g\u1eedi v\u1eeba qua c\u00f2n l\u00e0 nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 thanh kho\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c NHTM \u0111i\u1ec1u ti\u1ebft vi\u1ec7c cho vay trong nh\u1eefng l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c ch\u1ee7 ch\u1ed1t. Trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 cho vay ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng d\u1ecbp cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 cho vay s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t kinh doanh. Qua \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng s\u1ebd t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi kh\u1ecfa l\u1ea5p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1ed1n hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang b\u1ecb tr\u00ec tr\u1ec7 \u1edf b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n
Nh\u00ecn chung, v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00e1i \u0111ang di\u1ec5n ra tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 chung m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch l\u00e0 nh\u1eb1m c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 thanh kho\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 cung \u1ee9ng cho n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c, th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111ang tr\u1edf n\u00ean tr\u1ea7m l\u1eafng, g\u00e2y kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n cho vi\u1ec7c thu h\u1ed3i v\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c NHTM. Song, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u1eabn \u0111ang l\u00e0m r\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t, linh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o thanh kho\u1ea3n cho m\u1ecdi nhu c\u1ea7u chi ti\u00eau, vay v\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n, doanh nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n
S\u1ef1 linh ho\u1ea1t nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean c\u00f2n gi\u00fap n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u1eefng v\u00e0ng trong d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n. C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, c\u00e1c ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f2n \u0111ang ph\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng m\u1ee9c x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng t\u1eeb chu\u1ea9n Basel II l\u00ean Basel III. Kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi Basel II ch\u1ec9 ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb r\u1ee7i ro, Basel III c\u00f2n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00e1c ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng ph\u1ea3i n\u1eafm gi\u1eef l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1ed1n cao h\u01a1n v\u00e0 v\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao h\u01a1n, nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 ngu\u1ed3n ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng khi n\u00f3 x\u1ea3y ra. C\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a Basel III kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n \u1edf th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n cho t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai v\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u1edf t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u00ednh tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ecdi t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n. Hi\u1ec7n Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 20 ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea1t chu\u1ea9n Basel II. V\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng trong s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng quy chu\u1ea9n n\u00e2ng cao v\u00e0 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi Basel III. Do \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o thanh kho\u1ea3n trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec7m kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn chu\u1ea9n Basel III, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ea1o d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t uy t\u00edn t\u1ed1t cho Vi\u1ec7t Nam, thu h\u00fat \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i.<\/p>\n