H\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh \u201cv\u01a1 v\u00e9t\u201d t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean tr\u00e1i ph\u00e9p c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c<\/strong><\/p>\n\u201cNh\u1eefng t\u00e0u c\u00e1 n\u00e0y l\u00e0m c\u1ea1n ki\u1ec7t ngu\u1ed3n th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i nhanh kh\u1ee7ng khi\u1ebfp, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i gi\u1edd r\u01a1i v\u00e0o n\u1ee3 n\u1ea7n\u201d, ng\u01b0 d\u00e2n 53 tu\u1ed5i s\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t l\u00e0ng ch\u00e0i \u1edf Axim, Ghana, cho bi\u1ebft khi n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c t\u00e0u \u0111\u00e1nh c\u00e1 tr\u00e1i ph\u00e9p c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u1edf v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n
H\u1ecd \u0111i t\u1eeb v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p ph\u00e9p x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00f9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc thu\u1ed9c ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Ghana, \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1eaft nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1 v\u1ed1n quy\u1ec1n khai th\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 d\u00e0nh cho ng\u01b0 d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n
Theo ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1eaft b\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p, kh\u00f4ng khai b\u00e1o v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh (IUU), Trung Qu\u1ed1c li\u00ean t\u1ee5c x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng ch\u00f3t trong 152 qu\u1ed1c gia c\u00f3 b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n, do vi ph\u1ea1m \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1eaft v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n
T\u1ea1i Ghana, nh\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c tr\u00e1ch quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00f9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc trong ph\u1ea1m vi 6 h\u1ea3i l\u00fd t\u1eeb b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n ch\u1ec9 thu\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n khai th\u00e1c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0 d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, nh\u01b0ng t\u00e0u c\u00e1 Trung Qu\u1ed1c ph\u1edbt l\u1edd \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n
Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, \u1edf qu\u1ed1c gia l\u00e1ng gi\u1ec1ng Sierra Leone, n\u01a1i ngh\u1ec1 \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1eaft th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfm 12% n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n cho bi\u1ebft s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng khai th\u00e1c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111ang s\u1ee5t gi\u1ea3m nhanh ch\u00f3ng do n\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1eaft c\u00e1 qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c tr\u00ean quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m nay. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0 d\u00e2n \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ed5 l\u1ed7i cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i t\u00e0u n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 Trung Qu\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n
Theo SCMP, v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc Nam M\u1ef9 kh\u00e1c c\u0169ng ghi nh\u1eadn vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1eaft tr\u00e1i ph\u00e9p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u00e0u Trung Qu\u1ed1c, bao g\u1ed3m Peru. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 8\/2020, kho\u1ea3ng 300 t\u00e0u c\u00e1 Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1eaft tr\u00e1i ph\u00e9p g\u1ea7n v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n quanh qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Galapagos c\u1ee7a Ecuador. Nh\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c tr\u00e1ch Ecuador th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3 cho bi\u1ebft s\u1ed1 t\u00e0u c\u00e1 Trung Qu\u1ed1c nhi\u1ec1u ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng c\u00f3, c\u00e1o bu\u1ed9c h\u1ecd t\u1eaft h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ean t\u00e0u \u0111\u1ec3 che gi\u1ea5u danh t\u00ednh.<\/p>\n
Theo m\u1ed9t \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2021, g\u1ea7n 250 t\u00e0u c\u00e1 n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 243 t\u00e0u mang c\u1edd Trung Qu\u1ed1c, \u0111\u00e3 khai th\u00e1c tr\u00ean v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n n\u00e0y su\u1ed1t 73.000 gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 v\u00e0 v\u01a1 v\u00e9t h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn t\u1ea5n m\u1ef1c, c\u00e1.<\/p>\n
Nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ed1c gia ch\u00e2u \u00c1 c\u0169ng t\u1ed1 t\u00e0u c\u00e1 Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1eaft h\u1ea3i s\u1ea3n phi ph\u00e1p. V\u00e0o n\u0103m 2021, h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m t\u00e0u Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0o v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n xung quanh \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ph\u00eda B\u1eafc, bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi tr\u00ean bi\u1ec3n gi\u1eefa H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 Tri\u1ec1u Ti\u00ean \u1edf Ho\u00e0ng H\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n
Th\u00e1ng 10\/2020, nh\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c tr\u00e1ch Malaysia \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft gi\u1eef 6 t\u00e0u c\u00e1 Trung Qu\u1ed1c, c\u00e1o bu\u1ed9c c\u00e1c ng\u01b0 d\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp tr\u00e1i ph\u00e9p v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n
V\u00e0o n\u0103m 2021, h\u01a1n 200 t\u00e0u \u0111\u00e1nh c\u00e1 Trung Qu\u1ed1c t\u1eadp trung xung quanh b\u00e3i \u0111\u00e1 ng\u1ea7m \u0111\u00e1 Ba \u0110\u1ea7u, thu\u1ed9c qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n
\u201cS\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c \u1edf \u0111\u00e1 Ba \u0110\u1ea7u c\u00f3 quy m\u00f4 ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng c\u00f3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd: s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u00e1c t\u00e0u c\u00e1 Trung Qu\u1ed1c t\u1eadp trung t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t r\u1ea1n san h\u00f4 \u1edf Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa v\u00e0 \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 trong v\u00e0i tu\u1ea7n\u201d, Samir Puri v\u00e0 Greg Austin, hai nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u vi\u00ean c\u1ea5p cao t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c (IISS), cho bi\u1ebft v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n
\u00c2m m\u01b0u \u0111e do\u1ea1n an ninh h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/strong><\/p>\nHo\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00e1i ph\u00e9p c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e0u c\u00e1 Trung Qu\u1ed1c g\u00e2y lo ng\u1ea1i cho nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ed1c gia ven bi\u1ec3n, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn sinh k\u1ebf c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ed1i nguy h\u1ea1i cho h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i.<\/p>\n
\u201cTrong 5 n\u0103m qua, \u0111\u1ed9i t\u00e0u \u0111\u00e1nh c\u00e1 xa b\u1edd c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y ra nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1edbn. H\u1ecd khi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ng\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1ecf ki\u1ec7t qu\u1ec7, khai th\u00e1c h\u1ebft ngu\u1ed3n c\u00e1 v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng\u201d, \u00f4ng Steve Trent, \u0111\u1ed3ng s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp qu\u1ef9 b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n Environmental Justice Foundation, cho bi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n
B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 kinh t\u1ebf, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c tr\u00e1ch v\u00e0 chuy\u00ean gia c\u0169ng b\u00e0y t\u1ecf m\u1ed1i lo ng\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 an ninh. H\u1ecd cho r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed9i t\u00e0u \u0111\u00e1nh c\u00e1 kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec3 B\u1eafc Kinh th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng y\u00eau s\u00e1ch l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 phi l\u00fd c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c, bao g\u1ed3m tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n phi ph\u00e1p \u1edf Bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n
Trong khi 75% \u0111\u1ed9i t\u00e0u \u0111\u00e1nh c\u00e1 thu\u1ed9c s\u1edf h\u1eefu t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n, ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u1eabn duy tr\u00ec hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 trong ng\u00e0nh khai th\u00e1c th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n
B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n, h\u1ea3i c\u1ea3nh v\u00e0 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u00e1n v\u0169 trang do ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u0169ng th\u01b0\u1eddng tham gia c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed9i t\u00e0u c\u00e1 trong c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng g\u00e2y h\u1ea5n \u1edf Bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n
Conor Kennedy v\u00e0 Andrew Erickson, hai chuy\u00ean gia h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9, c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i t\u00e0u l\u00e0 \u201cl\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng do nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc (Trung Qu\u1ed1c) t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng theo m\u1ed9t chu\u1ed7i ch\u1ec9 huy qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp, ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng do nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc Trung Qu\u1ed1c b\u1ea3o tr\u1ee3\u201d.<\/p>\n