M\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n l\u00fd do khi\u1ebfn Li\u00ean X\u00f4 v\u1ee1 n\u1ee3 l\u00e0 do nh\u1eefng kho\u1ea3n n\u1ee3 x\u1ea5u trong c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u v\u0169 kh\u00ed. \u1ea2nh: V\u0169 kh\u00ed Li\u00ean X\u00f4 trong m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c duy\u1ec7t binh (Ngu\u1ed3n: Wiki)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\nT\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh kinh t\u1ebf m\u00e0 Nga r\u01a1i v\u00e0o sau n\u0103m 1991 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i l\u1edbn cho \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 nh\u01b0ng Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111i theo h\u01b0\u1edbng \u201cgi\u00e0nh l\u1ea5y h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 gi\u00e1 n\u00e0o\u201d nh\u01b0 Nga \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng.<\/p>\n
B\u1eafc Kinh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i m\u1ed9t con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e1c ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n, b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n v\u0169 kh\u00ed theo m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y.<\/p>\n
V\u1ec1 l\u00e2u d\u00e0i, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda l\u1edbn h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c giao d\u1ecbch v\u0169 kh\u00ed c\u1ee7a Nga, v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n \u201ch\u01a1n c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda\u201d \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y, n\u1ebfu so v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng g\u00ec h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t t\u1eeb Nga tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n
K\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c cho th\u1ea5y t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn xa, v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn v\u0169 kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ec1u sinh l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn, trong khi t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch v\u01b0\u1ee3t m\u1eb7t Nga, v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 M\u1ef9, v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 kh\u00ed.<\/p>\n
Sau n\u0103m 1991, Nga c\u0169ng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c trong c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n giao d\u1ecbch v\u0169 kh\u00ed nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 b\u1edfi v\u00ec h\u1ecd bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m th\u1ebf. N\u1ebfu kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3 ti\u1ec1n th\u00ec Nga kh\u00f4ng m\u1eb7n m\u00e0.<\/p>\n
Moscow \u0111\u00e3 r\u1ea5t ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean khi nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng c\u0169 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, nh\u1eefng ph\u00eda th\u01b0\u1eddng \u201cnh\u00f9ng nh\u1eb1ng\u201d cho t\u1edbi khi Nga \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch thanh to\u00e1n d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n, gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y l\u1ea1i s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng tu\u00e2n theo nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n giao d\u1ecbch mang t\u00ednh \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi cao h\u01a1n t\u1eeb Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y.<\/p>\n
Trung Qu\u1ed1c t\u1eeb x\u01b0a \u0111\u00e3 lu\u00f4n cho r\u1eb1ng k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng b\u00e1n v\u0169 kh\u00ed c\u1ee7a Nga th\u1eddi Chi\u1ebfn tranh L\u1ea1nh l\u00e0 \u201cxu\u1ea9n ng\u1ed1c\u201d.<\/p>\n
V\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1980, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Nga \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda khi ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1c m\u00f3n n\u1ee3 d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh n\u1ee3 x\u1ea5u. Ch\u01b0a h\u1ebft, s\u1ef1 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean X\u00f4 c\u00e0ng l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m uy t\u00edn ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 kh\u00ed Nga.<\/p>\n
Trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1960, khi v\u0169 kh\u00ed Nga ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng minh gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang tr\u00ean chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00ec ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean thay, c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Nga l\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean b\u1ecb v\u0169 kh\u00ed ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n
\u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 khi\u1ebfn r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng mua v\u0169 kh\u00ed kinh ng\u1ea1c, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eefng b\u00ean t\u1eebng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn v\u0169 kh\u00ed thu\u1ed9c h\u00e0ng \u201cti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn\u201d m\u00e0 h\u1ecd mua t\u1eeb Nga b\u1ecb \u201cnghi\u1ec1n n\u00e1t th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ea3nh\u201d b\u1edfi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i v\u0169 kh\u00ed k\u00e9m \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u01a1n t\u1eeb ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y.<\/p>\n
Trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1990, Nga t\u1ecf ra m\u1ea5t tinh th\u1ea7n nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ee5t ch\u00ed. Nh\u01b0ng sau n\u0103m 1991, Moscow \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e1n cho Trung Qu\u1ed1c b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 th\u1ee9 g\u00ec m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng mu\u1ed1n, v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf m\u1ee9c gi\u00e1 cao h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n
TQ ngang nhi\u00ean sao ch\u00e9p c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, Nga nh\u1eafm m\u1eaft ph\u1edbt l\u1edd<\/strong><\/p>\nTrong h\u01a1n 1 th\u1eadp k\u1ef7, Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u mua v\u0169 kh\u00ed Nga. Song, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i b\u1eaby m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nga \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ph\u1edbt l\u1edd ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u: Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 ngang nhi\u00ean sao ch\u00e9p c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Nga v\u00e0 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p n\u00f3 v\u00e0o c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i v\u0169 kh\u00ed m\u1edbi g\u1eafn m\u00e1c \u201c\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1ea1i Trung Qu\u1ed1c\u201d.<\/p>\n
Do \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i tr\u01b0\u1edbc Nga 1 th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 trong vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd kinh doanh t\u1eeb ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y, Trung Qu\u1ed1c th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0103n c\u1eafp \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a Nga.<\/p>\n
K\u1ebft c\u1ee5c, sau n\u0103m 1991, Nga cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c quy \u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y v\u1ec1 b\u1eb1ng s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 s\u1edf h\u1eefu tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7.<\/p>\n